目錄

這里分享一個(gè)我寫的MySQL自動(dòng)安裝腳本mysql_auto_install.sh，它的功能非常簡(jiǎn)單，就是自動(dòng)化安裝MySQL單實(shí)例，讓DBA的工作更簡(jiǎn)單、輕松一些，不用去手工安裝MySQL實(shí)例。從簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)的工作中釋放出來。

下面是關(guān)于mysql_auto_install.sh腳本的一些說明：

1：這個(gè)腳本運(yùn)行在mysql用戶下（注意，root用戶下運(yùn)行會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，需要修改部分地方），主要原因是因?yàn)镈BA沒有root賬號(hào)權(quán)限，只有mysql用戶的權(quán)限。另外，我也寫了一個(gè)mysql_auto_install_root.sh腳本，這個(gè)腳本是在root用戶下面運(yùn)行，功能更多一些。暫時(shí)還在測(cè)試當(dāng)中。

2:此腳本運(yùn)行在mysql用戶下，因?yàn)闄?quán)限問題，不會(huì)禁用透明大頁，卸載RPM包，調(diào)整內(nèi)核參數(shù)、配置systemctl服務(wù)等操作，這些工作交給系統(tǒng)管理員處理。而且我們也假設(shè)這些都已經(jīng)是設(shè)定好了的。

3：此腳本只適用于Linux，不適用HP-UX等操作系統(tǒng)。

4：my.cnf的模板中的參數(shù)要跟腳本中的參數(shù)一致。否則可能有問題。另外模板中參數(shù)設(shè)置請(qǐng)自己保證正確性與合理性。

5：腳本經(jīng)過多次測(cè)試驗(yàn)證，但是并不保證各種場(chǎng)景都沒有bug。發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，歡迎反饋，我自己也在不斷完善、改進(jìn)這個(gè)腳本。

6: 安裝前，要準(zhǔn)備好MySQL安裝介質(zhì)、mysql_auto_install.sh、alter_root_passwd.sql，my.cnf的模板（這里命名為mysql8_template.cnf）

其中alter_root_passwd.sql是修改root密碼的腳本，如下所示，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況輸入密碼，安裝完成后，刪除此腳本。

ALTER?USER?'root'@'localhost'?IDENTIFIED?BY?'********';flush?privileges;

mysql_auto_install.sh腳本的詳情如下（格式可能因?yàn)榇a插件展示問題，有所混亂，請(qǐng)自行調(diào)整。原始腳本格式不會(huì)有下面亂七八糟的縮進(jìn)或不對(duì)齊問題）

#!/bin/bash##########################################################################################???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????##?This?script?is?used?for?auto?install?mysql?8.0.xx?????????????????????????????????????##???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????###########################################################################################???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????##?ScriptName????????????:????mysql_auto_install.sh??????????????????????????????????????##?Author????????????????:????瀟湘隱者???????????????????????????????????????????????????##?CreateDate????????????:????2019-09-06?????????????????????????????????????????????????##?Blogs?????????????????:????www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode??????????????????????????????????##?Email?????????????????:????kerry2008code@qq.com???????????????????????????????????????##***************************************************************************************##?參數(shù)配置??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????##---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------##?MYSQL_BASE_DIR????????/opt/mysql??????????????????????????????????????????????????????##?MYSQL_DATA_DIR????????/data/mysql?????????????????????????????????????????????????????##?MYSQL_PORT????????????3306????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????##?LOG_OUT_TYPE??????????log?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????##---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------##?注意事項(xiàng)：????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????##???1：如果維護(hù)的MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫都規(guī)范化安裝、配置的化，下面很多參數(shù)都不需要修改????????????##???2：my.cnf模板很重要，如果配置有問題，可能導(dǎo)致安裝失敗。腳本里面有些參數(shù)設(shè)定都是依賴?##???????my.cnf模板中的設(shè)置，請(qǐng)確保你的my.cnf模板中設(shè)定跟腳本參數(shù)一致????????????????????##???3：此腳本在mysql用戶下安裝，很多操作受限，例如禁用透明大頁、卸載rpm包，調(diào)整內(nèi)核參數(shù)?##??????如需處理這些?建議使用另外一個(gè)版本的腳本處理。此處設(shè)定系統(tǒng)管理員已經(jīng)處理好這些事情##??????**注意**：此腳本只能在mysql用戶下運(yùn)行，root用戶下需要修改部分地方才能成功????????##---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------##***************************************************************************************##?Version????????Modified?Date????????????Description???????????????????????????????????##***************************************************************************************##?V.1.0??????????2019-09-06??????????????創(chuàng)建此腳本?????????????????????????????????????##?V.1.1??????????2019-10-26??????????????按SHELL編程規(guī)范，重新命名規(guī)范各類對(duì)象??????????##?V.2.0??????????2023-06-16??????????????重新改寫該腳本，增加驗(yàn)證/優(yōu)化步驟??????????????###########################################################################################?MySQL的安裝路徑:basedir的上層目錄MYSQL_BASE_DIR=/opt/mysql#?MySQL數(shù)據(jù)目錄:datadir的上層目錄MYSQL_DATA_DIR=/data/mysql#?MySQL安裝日志信息MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG=/tmp/soft/mysql_install.log#?MySQL壓縮包路徑MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR=/tmp/soft#?MySQL安裝介質(zhì)#?注意事項(xiàng)，如果安裝介質(zhì)不是tar.xz?,請(qǐng)修改代碼中tar.xzMYSQL_INSTALLER=$MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR/mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz#?MySQL的my.cnf模板MYSQL_CONFIG_FILE=$MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR/mysql8_template.cnf#?alter_root_passwd文件SQL_ALTER_USER_PWD=$MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR/alter_root_passwd.sql#?Log輸出方式:log?或out或allLOG_OUT_TYPE=all#?MySQL的端口號(hào)MYSQL_PORT=3306#?記錄安裝過程的日志信息function?log_info(){????#判斷參數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)????if?[?$#?-eq?1?];then????????local?log_msg=$1????else????????echo?'[error]:`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?the?number?of?parameters?is?incorrect!'????fi????:<<EOF????if?[?$LOG_OUT_TYPE?=?'print'?];then????????echo?'[info?]:?`date`>?$log_msg'????else????????echo?'[info?]:?`date`>?$log_msg'?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG????fiEOF????case?$LOG_OUT_TYPE?in????????out)????????????echo?'[info?]:?`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'????????????;;????????log)????????????echo?'[info?]:?`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG????????????;;????????all)????????????echo?'[info?]:?`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'????????????echo?'[info?]:?`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG????????????;;????????*)????esac????????}#?記錄安裝過程的錯(cuò)誤信息function?log_error(){????#判斷參數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)????if?[?$#?-eq?1?];then????????local?log_msg=$1????else????????echo?'[error]:`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?the?number?of?parameters?is?incorrect!'????fi????:<<EOF????if?[?$LOG_OUT_TYPE?=?'print'?];then????????echo?'[error]：`date`>?$log_msg'????else????????echo?'[error]：`date`>?$log_msg'?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG????fiEOF????case?$LOG_OUT_TYPE?in????????out)?????????????echo??'[error]：`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'?????????????;;????????log)?????????????echo??'[error]：`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG?????????????;;????????all)?????????????echo??'[error]：`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'?????????????echo??'[error]：`date?'+%Y%m%d?%H:%M:%S'`>?$log_msg'?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG?????????????;;????????*)????esac}#?卸載系統(tǒng)自帶的MARIADB#rpm?-qa|grep?mariadb?|xargs?yum?remove?-y?>?/dev/nullfunction?check_env_setting(){????#?檢查操作系統(tǒng)是否Linux(此腳本不適用HP-UX/SunOS/AIX)????if?[?`uname?-s`='Linux'?];then????????log_info?'The?os?is?linux,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????else????????log_error?'the?os?is?not?linux,?please?check?it.'????????exit?1????fi????#?檢查存放安裝包目錄是否存在????if?[?!?-d?'$MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR'?];then????????log_error?'the?mysql?installer?directory?$MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR?didn't?exists,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'the?mysql?installer?directory?$MYSQL_INSTALLER_DIR?exist,?mysql?auto?install?continue...';????fi????????#?檢查MySQL安裝文件是否存在????if?[?!?-f?'$MYSQL_INSTALLER'?];then????????log_error?'the?mysql?installer?file?$MYSQL_INSTALLER?didn't?exist,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info??'the?mysql?installer?file?$MYSQL_INSTALLER?exist,?mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????#?檢查MySQL的my.cnf的模板文件是否存在????if?[?!?-f?$MYSQL_CONFIG_FILE?];then????????log_error?'the?mysql?configuration?template?file?$MYSQL_CONFIG_FILE?did'nt?exist,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'the?mysql?configuration??template?file?$MYSQL_CONFIG_FILE?exists,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????#?檢查修改mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫用戶root密碼的SQL文件是否存在。????if?[?!?-f?$SQL_ALTER_USER_PWD?];then????????log_error?'the?sql?file?$SQL_ALTER_USER_PWD?did'nt?exist,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'the?sql?file?$SQL_ALTER_USER_PWD?exists,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????????#?檢查MySQL安裝目錄的上層目錄是否存在????if?[?!?-d?'$MYSQL_BASE_DIR'?];then????????log_error?'the?$MYSQL_BASE_DIR?didn't?exists,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'the?$MYSQL_BASE_DIR?exists,?mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????#?檢查MYSQL_DATA_DIR對(duì)應(yīng)的目錄是否存在，此目錄為datadir的上一層目錄????if?[?!?-d?'$MYSQL_DATA_DIR'?];then????????log_error?'the?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR?didn't?exists,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'the?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR?exists,?mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????#?檢查MYSQL_DATA_DIR目錄下是否存在其目錄，如果有其它目錄，則退出安裝（擔(dān)心已經(jīng)安裝了MySQL實(shí)例)????if?[?-d?${MYSQL_DATA_DIR}?-a?'`ls?-A?${MYSQL_DATA_DIR}`'?!=?''?];then????????log_error?'the?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR?directory?have?exists?files,plese?check?it'????????exit?1????else?????????log_info?'the?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR?check?is?ok?,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????#?驗(yàn)證MySQL安裝介質(zhì)的MD5????????????#?檢查是否存在MySQL實(shí)例????mysql_status=`netstat?-nl?|?awk?'NR>2{if?($4?~?/.*:'${MYSQL_PORT}'/)?{print?'Yes';exit?0}}'`????echo?$mysql_status????if?[?'$mysql_status'?=?'Yes'?];then????????log_error?'MySQL?instance?exists.?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????#只能作為一個(gè)依據(jù)，并不能完全保證。????????log_info?'MySQL?instance?didn't?exists,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????echo?'check_env_setting?run?successful.'????#read?ANS????read?-n1?-p?'Do?you?want?to?continue?[Y/N]?'?answer????case?$answer?in????????Y?|?y)????????????log_info?'mysql?auto?install?continue...';;????????N?|?n)????????????log_info?'mysql?auto?install?exit.';;????????*)????????????log_error?'your?choice?is?wrong!';;????esac}#?創(chuàng)建MySQL用戶和用戶組(此處注釋，用戶由系統(tǒng)管理員創(chuàng)建)#echo?'[info]:?create?the?mysql?user...'#groupadd?mysql#/usr/sbin/groupadd?mysql#useradd?-g?mysql?mysql#/usr/sbin/useradd?-g?mysql?mysql#?創(chuàng)建MySQL的相關(guān)目錄function?create_mysql_dir(){????cd?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR????mkdir?conf?data??logs??slow_logs??bin_logs??mysql_temp????chmod?750??$MYSQL_DATA_DIR????#對(duì)目錄進(jìn)行授權(quán)????chmod?-R?760??$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/bin_logs????chmod?-R?700??$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/logs????chmod?-R?760??$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/slow_logs}function?mysql_cnf_setting(){????#?拷貝my.cnf的模板配置文件，這里不打算直接寫入生成my.cnf文件????cp?$MYSQL_CONFIG_FILE?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/conf/my.cnf????if?[?$??-ne?0?];then????????log_error?'failed?to?cp?the?my.cnf,please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info??'cp?the?$MYSQL_CONFIG_FILE?to?my.cnf?success!'????fi}function?mysql_env_setting(){????#?設(shè)置環(huán)境變量????local?env_exist=`cat?~/.bash_profile?|grep?-E?'MYSQL_HISTFILE|$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0/bin'?|?wc?-l`????if?[?$env_exist?-eq?0?];then????????echo?'export?PATH=\$PATH:$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0/bin'?>>?~/.bash_profile????????echo?'export?MYSQL_HISTFILE=/dev/null'?>>?~/.bash_profile????????source?~/.bash_profile????else????????log_info?'the?environment?variable?exists,?please?check?it!'????fi}#?解壓MySQL的二進(jìn)制安裝包function?mysql_install(){????echo?'[info]:unzip?the?mysql?installation?media....'????tar?-xvf?$MYSQL_INSTALLER?-C?$MYSQL_BASE_DIR????if?[?$??-ne?0?];then????????log_error?'mysql?media?unzip?failed,please?check?the?detail.'????????exit????else????????log_info??'mysql?media?unzip?success,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????#?創(chuàng)建軟連接????local?MYSQL_MEDIA_DIR=$(basename?${MYSQL_INSTALLER}?'.tar.xz')????#echo??$MYSQL_MEDIA_DIR????ln?-s?$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/$MYSQL_MEDIA_DIR??$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0????if?[?$??-ne?0?];then????????log_error?'create?the?mysql?soft?link?failed,?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'create?the?mysql?soft?link?success,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi????????????#??初始化MySQL????cd?$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0????$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0/bin/mysqld?\????--defaults-file=$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/conf/my.cnf?\????--initialize?\????--basedir=$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0?\????--datadir=$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/data??2>&1?|?>>?$MYSQL_INSTALL_LOG????????#????$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup?--datadir=$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/data}function?mysql_startup(){????$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0/bin/mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/conf/my.cnf?&????????#?休眠幾秒，等待MySQL服務(wù)啟動(dòng)????sleep?15????????#?檢查MySQL服務(wù)是否啟動(dòng)成功????mysql_status=`netstat?-nl?|?awk?'NR>2{if?($4?~?/.*:'${MYSQL_PORT}'/)?{print?'Yes';exit?0}}'`????echo?$mysql_status????if?[?'$mysql_status'?!=?'Yes'?];then????????log_error?'MySQL?did?not?start.?please?check?it'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'MySQL?start?success,mysql?auto?install?continue...'????fi}#?修改MySQL的root用戶密碼function?change_mysql_root_pwd(){????#?獲取root初始密碼????mysql_root_init_passd=`grep?'temporary?password'?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/logs/mysql_error.log?|awk?'{print?$NF}'`????????#?修改MySQL的root密碼????mysql?-uroot?-p'$mysql_root_init_passd'?--connect-expired-password?<?$SQL_ALTER_USER_PWD?2>?/dev/null????????if?[?$??-ne?0?];then????????log_error?'fail?to?perform?MySQL?operation!!!'????????exit?1????else????????log_info?'alter?the?mysql?user?root's?password?succeed!'????fi}#?MySQL的安全設(shè)置,此腳本在mysql用戶下運(yùn)行，默認(rèn)這些文件的屬主為mysqlfunction?mysql_security_setting{????#注意，此處寫死m(xù)ysql_error.log，是因?yàn)閙y.cnf模板中命名統(tǒng)一規(guī)范????chmod?660??$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/logs/mysql_error.log????#注意，此處寫死m(xù)ysql_binlog.*，是因?yàn)閙y.cnf模板中命名統(tǒng)一規(guī)范????chmod?600?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/bin_logs/mysql_binlog.*????chmod?400?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/data/*.pem????#注意，此處寫死m(xù)ysql_slow.log，是因?yàn)閙y.cnf模板中命名統(tǒng)一規(guī)范????chmod?660?$MYSQL_DATA_DIR/slow_logs/mysql_slow.log????#plugin_dir的權(quán)限設(shè)置????chmod?550?$MYSQL_BASE_DIR/mysql8.0/lib/plugin/?}function?main()?{????????check_env_setting????????create_mysql_dir????????mysql_cnf_setting????????mysql_env_setting????????mysql_install????????mysql_startup????????change_mysql_root_pwd????????????if?[?$??-ne?0?];then????????????log_error?'change_mysql_root_pwd?run?failed!'????????else????????????????log_info?'the?mysql?auto?install?was?successful!'????????fi????????mysql_security_setting}#?invoke?main?functionmain?

下面是安裝測(cè)試過程的截圖

下面是安裝日志mysql_install.log的輸出信息截圖：

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