SpringBoot 配置文件加密

本章將對(duì)SpringBoot配置文件中的數(shù)據(jù)加密做自定義開(kāi)發(fā). 在SpringBoot開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中配置文件是明文存放在 application.yml 或者 application.properties 文件中，這種配置方式會(huì)帶來(lái)一定的安全隱患，本章將對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題提出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的解決方案。

編碼

首先需要確定一個(gè)加密解密方式，本文采用 RSA 進(jìn)行加密解密，首先編寫(xiě)加密解密的代碼，注意RSA加密解密需要使用到公鑰和私鑰，公鑰私鑰的生成代碼如下：

public static void generateKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(EncryptionType.RSA); keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom()); KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair(); RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate(); // 得到私鑰 RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic(); // 得到公鑰 String publicKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64(publicKey.getEncoded())); String privateKeyString = new String(Base64.encodeBase64((privateKey.getEncoded()))); System.out.println('當(dāng)前生成的公鑰= ' + publicKeyString); System.out.println('當(dāng)前生成的私鑰= ' + privateKeyString);}

加密代碼如下：

public static String encrypt(String str, String publicKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, InvalidKeySpecException {byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) KeyFactory.getInstance(EncryptionType.RSA).generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(decoded));Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(EncryptionType.RSA);cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);return Base64.encodeBase64String(cipher.doFinal(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)));}

解密代碼如下：

public static String decrypt(String str, String privateKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidKeyException { byte[] inputByte = Base64.decodeBase64(str.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); byte[] decoded = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey); RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance(EncryptionType.RSA).generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decoded)); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(EncryptionType.RSA); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, priKey); return new String(cipher.doFinal(inputByte));}

上述代碼為基本的加密解密工具，加下來(lái)需要在配置文件中確定哪些配置是需要進(jìn)行解密的，本例將采用自定義前綴+后綴的方式進(jìn)行匹配，前綴為 PWD[ ，后綴為 ] ，如果在配置文件中屬性值是以前綴后綴包裹的那么這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)被進(jìn)行解密操作，

通過(guò)前文的加密工具可以先進(jìn)行一次密碼加密加密原文為 1234qwer ，公鑰：

MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCBOkkkvjbOQ6UTCo8U4bRC/EcEtxz8haHg6lueM3NBbH3eIT7kfwQFOqj1h1qPGcQNeyn4vxzMWBAKzSQehjqVBL7/8GN7EZ7TEaUuWO+8qsuZnOdrztX7bNKACnks+SelmtbrbnFKUMAq2c2mS0o1V6iwyRxJYLGaHGXnz4KSkwIDAQAB

私鑰：

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

加密結(jié)果為：

PWD[bMw8oqC/ma31JqF0DCuf5QWqSFRMigYw3fMBIIIfJ85vnmNnFbH9IcJfUHgbSmNHeITffToODwAygy4vKdzu6o1i1UQOd8w4nPKhnVJCLKqW5jmc3Yw+FkTIRBp63NJWzECVnRHqEK+bTxPMa1gfKql/2U45XxqeDSZOEXGeA+E=]

得到這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)后將其配置在 application.properties 文件中，具體內(nèi)容如下

server.port=8080spring.application.name=test-appspring.datasource.password=PWD[bMw8oqC/ma31JqF0DCuf5QWqSFRMigYw3fMBIIIfJ85vnmNnFbH9IcJfUHgbSmNHeITffToODwAygy4vKdzu6o1i1UQOd8w4nPKhnVJCLKqW5jmc3Yw+FkTIRBp63NJWzECVnRHqEK+bTxPMa1gfKql/2U45XxqeDSZOEXGeA+E=]

接下來(lái)需要進(jìn)一步解決的是如何將這個(gè)加密字符串進(jìn)行解密，這里需要使用 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 接口對(duì)環(huán)境變量進(jìn)行修改，具體實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼如下：

@Overridepublic void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException { MutablePropertySources propertySources = environment.getPropertySources(); for (PropertySource<?> propertySource : propertySources) { if (propertySource instanceof OriginTrackedMapPropertySource ) { OriginTrackedMapPropertySource om = (OriginTrackedMapPropertySource) propertySource; Map<String, Object> source = om.getSource(); source.forEach((k, v) -> { String property = environment.getProperty(k); if (hasPreAndSuf(property)) {LOG.info('開(kāi)始處理 k = [{}]', k);try { String relay = splitPreAndSuf(property, this.prefix, this.suffix); String decrypt = RSAEncrypt.decrypt(relay, getPrivateKey(environment)); source.put(k, decrypt);}catch (Exception e) { LOG.error('e = ', e);} } }); } }}

處理邏輯如下：

提取環(huán)境配置中的所有配置屬性 判斷配置屬性是否是 OriginTrackedMapPropertySource 類(lèi)型，該類(lèi)型的數(shù)據(jù)是在 application.yaml 中的內(nèi)容 處理 OriginTrackedMapPropertySource 對(duì)象的value值，如果value包含自定義前綴后綴則進(jìn)行解密

在本例中對(duì)于公鑰私鑰以及前綴后綴是允許自定義的，開(kāi)發(fā)者只需要在配置文件中根據(jù)下面表格進(jìn)行填寫(xiě)即可

屬性名稱 屬性含義 默認(rèn)值 encryption.prefix 前綴 PWD[ encryption.suffix 后綴 ] encryption.rsa.publicKey 公鑰 encryption.rsa.privateKey 私鑰

注意：**為了便捷操作開(kāi)放了配置文件形式的公鑰秘鑰的配置，這部分配置可以在測(cè)試環(huán)境中開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境中進(jìn)行使用。**如果需要在生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中使用請(qǐng)使用下面兩種方式：

方式一：在項(xiàng)目資源目錄 resources 文件夾下創(chuàng)建 hf_private_key 文件，向文件中填寫(xiě)如下內(nèi)容

encryption.rsa.privateKey=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

需要將等于號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行修改,替換為項(xiàng)目中的秘鑰

方式二：通過(guò)命令行進(jìn)行傳遞

在啟動(dòng)命令中添加

-Dencryption.rsa.privateKey=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

需要將等號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行修改，替換為項(xiàng)目中的秘鑰

從筆者所經(jīng)歷的角度來(lái)看命令行傳遞參數(shù)可能更加安全一些，因?yàn)槲募兔钚邢啾让钚行枰谏a(chǎn)環(huán)境才可以看到，而文件在倉(cāng)庫(kù)中會(huì)存在。

接下來(lái)做一個(gè)測(cè)試，在啟動(dòng)時(shí)輸出 spring.datasource.password 屬性查看是否是加密前的數(shù)據(jù)，測(cè)試代碼如下：

@SpringBootApplicationpublic class App { @Value('${spring.datasource.password}') private String dataSourceProperties; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(App.class, args); } @Bean public ApplicationRunner runner() { return args -> { System.out.println(dataSourceProperties); }; }}

啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目后可以看到控制臺(tái)輸出

1234qwer其他

項(xiàng)目地址： https://gitee.com/pychfarm_admin/encryption

以上就是SpringBoot 配置文件加密的步驟的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于SpringBoot 配置文件加密的資料請(qǐng)關(guān)注好吧啦網(wǎng)其它相關(guān)文章！